Which Article provides a means for maintaining discipline without a court-martial conviction?

The correct answer is related to Article 15 of the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ), which allows a commanding officer to impose non-judicial punishment (NJP) as a means of maintaining discipline within their command without the need for a court-martial. This article is particularly significant because it enables leaders to address minor offenses efficiently, ensuring unit cohesion and discipline without the formalities and potential consequences associated with a court-martial.

By using Article 15, commanders can impose various forms of punishment, including extra duty, reduction in rank, or restriction to certain areas, which serve to correct behavior while allowing service members to maintain their military career without the stigma of a court-martial conviction. This approach is often viewed as a more constructive way to handle disciplinary issues, emphasizing leadership and correction over punitive measures.

In contrast, the other articles do not function in the same capacity. Article 10 outlines regarding the applicability of the UCMJ, Article 20 covers the jurisdiction of courts-martial, and Article 25 deals with the composition of courts-martial. None of these articles provide a direct mechanism for maintaining discipline akin to the non-judicial punishment outlined in Article 15.